兰州交通大学 机电工程学院,兰州 730070
薛怡凡,女,2000年生,陕西渭南人,硕士;主要研究方向为结构健康监测;E-mail:Xueyifan1123@163.com。
收稿:2024-12-18,
纸质出版:2026-06-15
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薛怡凡,殷红,祁义博,等. 基于残差自适应卡尔曼滤波的结构响应重构方法[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(6):45-51.
XUE Yifan,YIN Hong,QI Yibo,et al. Structural response reconstruction method based on residual adaptive Kalman filtering[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(6):45-51.
薛怡凡,殷红,祁义博,等. 基于残差自适应卡尔曼滤波的结构响应重构方法[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(6):45-51. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.06.005.
XUE Yifan,YIN Hong,QI Yibo,et al. Structural response reconstruction method based on residual adaptive Kalman filtering[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(6):45-51. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.06.005.
目的
2
针对传统卡尔曼滤波算法应用于结构响应重构过程中需要将测量噪声协方差预设为恒值而导致重构精度低甚至滤波不收敛的问题,提出了一种基于残差自适应卡尔曼滤波算法的结构响应重构方法。
方法
2
首先,将残差理论与协方差匹配技术相结合,采用移动窗法对协方差匹配公式中的残差项进行近似,以实现对卡尔曼增益和测量噪声协方差的自适应估计;其次,利用加速度数据对结构各个位置不同类型的响应进行重构;最后,使用二维桁架数值算例和简支梁试验算例,验证了所提方法的有效性,并将所提方法与卡尔曼滤波、移动窗卡尔曼滤波算法的响应重构效果进行对比。
结果
2
结果表明,所提算法能将测量噪声协方差自适应估计到真实值附近,与非自适应方法相比具有更高的结构响应重构精度。
Objective
2
Aiming at the problem that the traditional Kalman filtering algorithm applied in the process of structural response reconstruction needs to preset the measurement noise covariance to a constant value
which leads to low reconstruction accuracy or even non-convergence of filtering
a structural response reconstruction method based on residual adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm was proposed.
Methods
2
Firstly
the residual theory was combined with the covariance matching technique and the moving window method was used to approximate the residual terms in the covariance matching formulae to achieve adaptive estimation of the Kalman gain and measurement noise covariance. Then
the acceleration data were used to reconstruct the different types of responses at each position of the structure. Finally
the proposed method was validated through a numerical example of a two-dimensional truss and an experimental example of a simply supported beam
comparing the response reconstruction effects with those of Kalman filtering and moving window Kalman filtering algorithms.
Results
2
The results show that the proposed algorithm can adaptively estimate the measurement noise covariance close to the true value and achieves higher accuracy in structural response reconstruction compared to non-adaptive methods.
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