1.重庆城市职业学院 航空学院,重庆 402160
2.辽宁工程技术大学 机械工程学院,阜新 123000
3.山东兖矿智能制造有限公司,济宁 273500
王洁,女,1981年生,山东无棣人,博士,副教授;主要研究方向为工矿装备自动化与智能化;E-mail:sunny_jiewang@163.com。
收稿:2024-11-14,
修回:2025-01-05,
网络首发:2026-07-17,
纸质出版:2026-07-15
移动端阅览
王洁,林立省,庞晴晴,等. 变截面负泊松比结构力学性能及吸能特性研究[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(7):127-136.
Wang Jie,Lin Lisheng,Pang Qingqing,et al. Study on the mechanical performance and energy absorption characteristics of structures with varying cross-sections and negative Poisson ratio[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(7):127-136.
王洁,林立省,庞晴晴,等. 变截面负泊松比结构力学性能及吸能特性研究[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(7):127-136. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.07.015.
Wang Jie,Lin Lisheng,Pang Qingqing,et al. Study on the mechanical performance and energy absorption characteristics of structures with varying cross-sections and negative Poisson ratio[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(7):127-136. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.07.015.
目的
2
设计一种变截面双箭型负泊松比蜂窝结构(简称变截面结构),揭示截面变化率对结构力学性能及吸能特性的影响规律,为其在缓冲吸能领域的工程应用提供理论依据。
方法
2
首先,基于胞元几何参数推导截面变化率与相对密度的关系;其次,利用变截面梁与等截面梁弯曲应变能等效原理,建立变截面结构的等效本构模型;然后,采用Ansys/Ls-Dyna建立有限元模型进行准静态压缩分析,并通过3D打印样件的准静态加载试验验证模型准确性;最后,进一步通过Ls-Dyna研究不同冲击速度(20、35、70、120 m/s)和截面变化率(
α
=0、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8)下面内冲击响应、平台应力及能量吸收特性。
结果
2
结果表明,解析解、数值模拟与试验结果吻合良好,验证了本构模型及有限元模型的准确性。冲击速度对结构冲击特性影响显著,速度增加使弹性模量提高、平台应力阶段延长。截面变化率增大可增强结构整体刚度并延缓负泊松比效应,使局部变形更难发生。截面变化率与能量吸收率呈正相关,变截面结构比等截面结构在20 m/s和70 m/s冲击下的比吸能分别提高42.1%和13.8%;当
α
为0.4~0.6时吸能特性最优。变截面结构在减轻整体质量的同时未削弱力学性能,能量吸收能力显著提升。
Objective
2
To design a variable cross-section double-arrow negative Poisson ratio honeycomb structure (referred to as variable cross-section structure)
and to reveal the influence of cross-sectional variation rate on its mechanical properties and energy absorption characteristics
providing theoretical support for its engineering application in buffering and energy absorption.
Methods
2
The relationship between cross-sectional variation rate and relative density was derived based on the geometric parameters of the unit cell. An equivalent constitutive model of the variable cross-section structure was established using the bending strain energy equivalence theory of variable and uniform cross-section beams. A finite element model was developed in Ansys/Ls-Dyna for quasi-static compression analysis
and the model accuracy was validated through quasi-static loading tests on 3D-printed specimens. Furthermore
the in-plane impact response
plateau stress
and energy absorption characteristics were investigated under different impact velocities (
20
35
70
120 m/s) and cross-sectional variation rates (
α
=0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8).
Results
2
The analytical solutions
numerical simulations
and experimental results showed good agreement
validating the accuracy of the constitutive model and FEA model. Impact velocity significantly affects the impact characteristics: increasing velocity enhances the elastic modulus and prolongs the plateau stress stage. A higher cross-sectional variation rate increases the overall structural stiffness and delays the negative Poisson ratio effect
making local deformation more difficult. The cross-sectional variation rate is positively correlated with energy absorption rate. Compared with the uniform cross-section structure
the variable cross-section structure exhibits 42.1% and 13.8% higher specific energy absorption under impact velocities of 20 m/s and 70 m/s
respectively. The optimal energy absorption performance occurs when
α
is between 0.4 and 0.6. The variable cross-section structure reduces overall weight without compromising mechanical properties and significantly enhances energy absorption capacity.
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