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中国机械总院集团郑州机械研究所有限公司,郑州 450052
MA Weiping, E-mail: jxsmwp@163.com
收稿日期:2025-05-06,
修回日期:2025-05-09,
网络出版日期:2025-06-24,
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马卫平,赵赫,宋宇宙等.考虑空气阻尼的扭摆法转动惯量测量分析[J].机械强度,DOI:10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.XXXX.XX.001.
MA Weiping,ZHAO He,SONG Yuzhou,et al.Measurement and analysis of moment of inertia using torsional pendulum method with air damping consideration[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,DOI:10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.XXXX.XX.001.
马卫平,赵赫,宋宇宙等.考虑空气阻尼的扭摆法转动惯量测量分析[J].机械强度,DOI:10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.XXXX.XX.001. DOI:
MA Weiping,ZHAO He,SONG Yuzhou,et al.Measurement and analysis of moment of inertia using torsional pendulum method with air damping consideration[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,DOI:10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.XXXX.XX.001. DOI:
目的
2
针对利用扭摆法测量具有较大翼面的异形体被测样件的转动惯量时,因空气阻尼导致精度下降的问题,提出了一种基于阻力仿真结果进行补偿的方法。
方法
2
首先,分析了扭摆运动中空气阻尼的作用机制,建立了通过计算空气阻尼力矩进行补偿的测量模型。其次,引入缩减频率表征空气阻尼力矩的非定常特性,采用准定常假设与等效线性化的方法,将非定常的时变空气阻尼力矩等效为黏性阻尼。再次,通过计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics
CFD)软件模拟并获取了被测样件运动过程中的阻力系数,推导了基于阻力系数的补偿计算式。最后,设计了验证性试验进行验证。
结果
2
结果表明,在低缩减频率(缩减频率小于0.01)工况条件下,基于准定常假设的等效空气阻尼比计算值与试验分离值的相对误差约为7%,使用所提等效空气阻尼比进行补偿后的转动惯量与理论转动惯量的误差约为0.2%,证明所提方法可有效提升异形体被测样件转动惯量的测量精度。
Objective
2
To address the issue of accuracy degradation caused by aerodynamic damping when measuring the moment of inertia of irregular specimens with large airfoil surfaces using the torsional pendulum method
a compensation approach based on drag simulation results is proposed.
Methods
2
Initially
the mechanism of aerodynamic damping in torsional oscillations was analyzed
and a measurement model incorporating compensation through calculation of aerodynamic damping torque was established. Subsequently
the reduced frequency parameter was introduced to characterize the unsteady aerodynamic nature of the aerodynamic damping torque. By employing a quasi-steady assumption combined with equivalent linearization techniques
the unsteady time-varying aerodynamic damping torque was equivalently represented as viscous damping. Furthermore
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted to obtain drag coefficients during specimen motion
from which a compensation formula based on drag coefficients was derived. Finally
validation test were designed and performed to verify the proposed method.
Results
2
The findings indicate that under low reduced frequency conditions (reduced frequency less than 0.01)
the relative error between the equivalent aerodynamic damping ratio calculated via quasi-steady assumption and test separation values is approximately 7%. After compensating using the proposed equivalent aerodynamic damping ratio
the error between measured and theoretical moments of inertia is approximately 0.2%
demonstrating that the proposed method effectively enhances measurement accuracy for moments of inertia of irregular specimens with large airfoil surfaces.
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