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1.高温轻合金及应用技术全国重点实验室,武汉 430070
2.现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430070
3.武汉理工大学 材料科学与工程学院,武汉 430070
HUA Lin, E-mail: hualin@whut.edu.cn
收稿日期:2025-04-27,
修回日期:2025-06-15,
纸质出版日期:2025-09-15
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华林,周光华. 高铁轴承轧制热处理组织演化与高性能制造[J]. 机械强度,2025,47(9):38-49.
HUA Lin,ZHOU Guanghua. Microstructure evolution during the ring rolling and heat treatment and high-performance manufacturing of high-speed railway bearings[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2025,47(9):38-49.
华林,周光华. 高铁轴承轧制热处理组织演化与高性能制造[J]. 机械强度,2025,47(9):38-49. DOI: DOI:10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.09.002.
HUA Lin,ZHOU Guanghua. Microstructure evolution during the ring rolling and heat treatment and high-performance manufacturing of high-speed railway bearings[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2025,47(9):38-49. DOI: DOI:10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.09.002.
为研究高铁轴承轧制成形、渗碳热处理、深冷处理组织性能遗传演化规律,建立了高铁轴承成形制造条件、组织状态、机械性能定量关系,确定了高铁轴承高性能成形制造最优工艺条件。采用电子背散射衍射(Electron Back-Scatter Diffraction
EBSD)、扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Electron Microscope
SEM)、X射线衍射(X-Ray Diffraction,XRD)等微观组织测试技术和拉伸、摩擦磨损、滚动接触疲劳性能测试技术,揭示了高铁轴承环件在成形制造过程中的组织状态和机械性能演化规律,提出了高性能高铁轴承环件成形制造工艺方法。研究表明,轧制成形可以细化晶粒,促使渗碳一次淬回火后碳化物细化和位错密度增加,减小二次淬回火后晶粒和碳化物尺寸,提升碳化物体积分数。深冷处理工艺促进残余奥氏体分解和碳化物析出,降低残余奥氏体含量,提升残余奥氏体稳定性,减小碳化物平均尺寸,提升碳化物体积分数。应用最优轧制成形和渗碳热处理工艺,使高铁轴承耐磨性能提升82.7%,接触疲劳性能提升322.1%。研究成果可为高铁轴承高性能成形制造提供科学依据和技术方法。
In order to study the evolution laws of microstructure and properties during the hot ring rolling
carburizing heat treatment
and deep cryogenic treatment of high-speed railway bearings
the quantitative relationships among the forming manufacturing conditions
microstructure states
and mechanical properties of high-speed railway bearings were established. The optimal process conditions for high-performance forming manufacturing of high-speed railway bearings were determined. The electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD)
scanning electron microscope (SEM)
X-ray diffraction (XRD) microstructural testing technologies and tensile
friction and wear
rolling contact fatigue performance testing technologies were used to reveal the evolution laws of the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-speed railway bearing rings during the forming and manufacturing process
and a forming and manufacturing process method for high-performance high-speed railway bearing rings was proposed. The research shows that ring rolling can refine grains
promote the refinement of carbides and increase the dislocation density after carburizing once quenching and tempering
reduce the grain size and carbides
and improve the volume fraction of carbides after secondary quenching and tempering. The deep cryogenic treatment process promotes the decomposition of retained austenite and the precipitation of carbides
reduces the content of retained austenite
enhances the stability of retained austenite
decreases the average size of carbides
and increases the volume fraction of carbides. The wear resistance of high-speed railway bearings is improved by 82.7%
and the contact fatigue performance is improved by 322.1% by applying the optimal hot ring rolling and carburizing heat treatment processes. The research can provide a scientific basis and technical method for the high-performance forming manufacturing of high-speed railway bearings.
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