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1.南京航空航天大学 航空学院,南京 210016
2.上海飞机设计研究院,上海 201210
HE Zhiquan, E-mail: hezhiquan@comac.cc
收稿日期:2024-07-11,
修回日期:2024-08-01,
纸质出版日期:2025-05-15
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何志全,邱慧慧,孙瑀珩,等. 热力作用下铝合金结构应力及强度研究[J]. 机械强度,2025,47(5):140-151.
HE Zhiquan,QIU Huihui,SUN Yuheng,et al. Stress and strength analysis of aluminum alloy structures under the effect of thermal and mechanical force[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2025,47(5):140-151.
何志全,邱慧慧,孙瑀珩,等. 热力作用下铝合金结构应力及强度研究[J]. 机械强度,2025,47(5):140-151. DOI: DOI:10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.05.016.
HE Zhiquan,QIU Huihui,SUN Yuheng,et al. Stress and strength analysis of aluminum alloy structures under the effect of thermal and mechanical force[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2025,47(5):140-151. DOI: DOI:10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.05.016.
飞机缝翼在服役过程中会受到热载荷和气动力的共同作用,并对结构的安全产生影响。以缝翼结构中广泛使用的典型铝合金结构作为主要研究对象,采用试验和有限元方法研究其在热力作用下的应力分布及结构强度。首先,为了探究温度对材料特性的影响,分别进行了4组不同温度状态下2024-T62矩形薄板的线性拉伸试验和开孔薄板的高温拉伸破坏试验,试验表明,高温环境对材料弹性模量有折减作用,并且在190 ℃环境下,试验件的承载强度下降了15%。因此,考虑温度对材料参数的折减作用可以建立更为精确地预估结构强度的模型。其次,针对铝合金零件及结构的热应力问题,分别以铝合金薄板和简化的缝翼结构为对象,进行热力共同作用下的试验和仿真,建立了一套热力共同作用下的建模方法及热应力测量的试验技术,铝合金薄板的仿真与试验结果对比误差最大为10%;简化的缝翼结构热应力仿真与试验结果对比的趋势较好,最大误差为20%。此外,通过该试验还发现热应力对边界条件的设置尤为敏感,对于约束复杂的模型,需要扩大建模范围至边界条件稳定处才能模拟实际热应力的作用。
The slat of aircraft is subjected to the combined action of thermal load and aerodynamic force during its service
which has an impact on the safety of the structure. The typical aluminum alloy structure widely used in slat structure is taken as the main research object
and the stress distribution and structural strength under the combined action of heat and force were studied by experiment and finite element method. Firstly
in order to explore the influence of temperature on material properties
the linear tensile test of 2024-T62 rectangular thin plate and the high temperature tensile failure test of perforated thin plate were carried out under four different temperature conditions. The test shows that the high temperature environment has a reduction effect on the elastic modulus of the material
and at 190 °C
the bearing strength of the test piece decreased by 15%. Therefore
considering the reduction effect of temperature on material parameters can establish a more accurate model for predicting structural strength. Secondly
aiming at the thermal stress problem of aluminum alloy parts and structures
the test and simulation of aluminum alloy sheet and simplified slat structure under the combined action of heat and force were carried out respectively. A set of modeling method and thermal stress measurement test technology under the combined action of heat and force were established. The maximum error between the simulation and test results of aluminum alloy sheet is 10%. The thermal stress simulation of the simplified slat structure has a good trend compared with the experimental results
and the maximum error is 20%. In addition
through the experiment
it is also found that the thermal stress is particularly sensitive to the setting of boundary conditions. For the model with complex constraints
it is necessary to expand the modeling range to the stable boundary conditions to simulate the actual thermal stress.
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