1.天津轨道交通运营集团有限公司,天津 300392
2.天津城市轨道咨询有限公司,天津 300392
3.西南交通大学 机械工程学院,成都 610031
魏秋实,男,1990年生,辽宁铁岭人,工程师;主要研究方向为轨道车辆运维技术;E-mail:710306805@qq.com。
收稿:2025-05-01,
修回:2025-06-20,
纸质出版:2026-10-15
移动端阅览
魏秋实,冯培,何家欢,等. 不同制动工况下的高速列车制动盘热疲劳行为分析[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(10):42-51.
Wei Qiushi,Feng Pei,He Jiahuan,et al. Analysis of brake disc thermal fatigue behavior of high⁃speed trains under different braking conditions[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(10):42-51.
魏秋实,冯培,何家欢,等. 不同制动工况下的高速列车制动盘热疲劳行为分析[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(10):42-51. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.10.006.
Wei Qiushi,Feng Pei,He Jiahuan,et al. Analysis of brake disc thermal fatigue behavior of high⁃speed trains under different braking conditions[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(10):42-51. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.10.006.
目的
2
研究不同制动工况下列车制动盘的热机耦合响应状态及热疲劳裂纹扩展行为。
方法
2
利用三维循环对称制动盘有限元模型,结合虚拟裂纹闭合技术,进行紧急制动、常用制动、坡道制动工况下的热机耦合分析及裂纹扩展分析。
结果
2
结果表明,制动盘温度和周向应力都以摩擦表面最大值点为原点,在盘体内呈贝壳状扩散;制动盘内侧周向应力大于外侧,且紧急制动和常用制动的周向应力分布偏移程度大于坡道制动。周向应力的大小不仅与温度幅值有关,还明显受到温度变化速率的影响。在制动阶段,制动盘周向压缩应力先增大、后减小,热疲劳裂纹受压缩应力的作用而保持闭合。在冷却阶段,制动盘周向应力转变为拉伸状态,热疲劳裂纹受拉伸应力的作用而逐渐张开,裂纹扩展速率随着冷却时间的增加而增大。紧急制动工况下的裂纹扩展速率最大,且裂纹前缘上的扩展速率差距最小。常用制动和坡道制动工况下的裂纹主要沿径向朝制动盘外侧扩展。
Objective
2
To investigate the thermo-mechanical response state and thermal fatigue crack propagation behavior of train brake disc under different braking conditions.
Methods
2
The three-dimensional cyclic symmetric brake disc finite element model and virtual crack closure technique were used to carry out the thermo-mechanical analysis and crack propagation analysis under emergency braking
common braking and ramp braking conditions.
Results
2
The temperature and circumferential stress of the brake disc take the maximum point of the friction surface as the origin
and are diffused in a shell shape within the disc body. The circumferential stress on the inner side of the brake disc is greater than that on the outer side
and the deflection degree of the circumferential stress distribution in emergency braking and common braking is greater than that in ramp braking. Furthermore
the magnitude of circumferential stress is not only related to the amplitude of temperature
but also significantly affected by the rate of temperature change. During the braking stage
the circumferential compressive stress of the brake disc first increases and then decreases
and the thermal fatigue crack remains closed under the action of the compressive stress. During the cooling stage
the circumferential stress of the brake disc changes to the tensile state. The thermal fatigue crack gradually opens under the action of tensile stress
and the crack propagation rate increases with the increase of cooling time. Under the emergency braking condition
the crack propagation rate is the largest
and the propagation rate gap on the crack front is the smallest. Under common braking and ramp braking conditions
the crack mainly extends radially towards the outer side of the brake disc.
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