1.陕西理工大学 机械工程学院,汉中 723001
2.陕西省工业自动化重点实验室,汉中 723001
张升,男,2000年生,陕西西安人,在读硕士研究生;主要研究方向为飞行器气动弹性;E-mail:zsheng1028@163.com。
收稿:2024-07-23,
纸质出版:2026-04-15
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张升,王军利,刘菊蓉,等. 大展弦比混杂复合材料后掠翼静气动弹性性能的研究[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(4):47-56.
ZHANG Sheng,WANG Junli,LIU Jurong,et al. Study on static aeroelasticity performance of high aspect ratio hybrid composite swept wings[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(4):47-56.
张升,王军利,刘菊蓉,等. 大展弦比混杂复合材料后掠翼静气动弹性性能的研究[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(4):47-56. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.04.006.
ZHANG Sheng,WANG Junli,LIU Jurong,et al. Study on static aeroelasticity performance of high aspect ratio hybrid composite swept wings[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(4):47-56. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.04.006.
目的
2
针对大展弦比后掠翼在气动载荷下的几何非线性问题,探究碳/玻璃纤维混杂比及铺层角度对机翼弯扭耦合变形及气动特性的影响规律,旨在为该类机翼的结构设计与剪裁提供参考。
方法
2
首先,基于计算流体力学/计算结构动力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics/Computational Structural Dynamics
CFD/CSD),采用松耦合算法开展双向流固耦合分析,建立大展弦比后掠翼的静气动弹性计算模型,并通过DLR-F6翼身组合体试验数据验证了该方法的准确性;其次,对比线性与非线性求解结果的差异,明确几何非线性的影响;然后,分别研究5种碳/玻璃纤维混杂比及5种铺层角度方案下机翼的弯曲、扭转变形规律;最后,分析非线性弹性变形对最优混杂比机翼气动特性的影响。
结果
2
结果表明,线性求解方法因未考虑展向变形,在8°攻角下,翼尖位移偏差达0.77%;当碳/玻璃纤维混杂比为3∶1时,相较于纯碳纤维机翼,翼尖负担转角仅增大2.1%,而成本显著降低;铺层角度为±45°时,机翼扭转刚度最大,负扭转变形最小;3∶1混杂比机翼的升力系数与阻力系数较纯碳纤维机翼略有降低,纵向稳定性仅下降3.7%。采用3∶1碳/玻璃纤维混杂比及±45°铺层角度,可在保证机翼力学性能与气动效率的同时有效控制制造成本,为大柔性机翼的工程应用提供参考。
Objective
2
To address the geometric nonlinearity of high aspect ratio swept wings under aerodynamic loads
this study investigates the effects of carbon/glass fiber hybrid ratios and layup angles on bend-twist coupling deformation and aerodynamic characteristics
aiming to provide references for structural design and tailoring of such wings.
Methods
2
Firstly
a static aeroelastic computational model for a high aspect ratio swept wing was established using a loosely coupled bidirectional computational fluid dynamics/computational structural dynamics (CFD/CSD) method
and its accuracy was validated against experimental data of the DLR-F6 wing-body configuration. Secondly
the differences between linear and nonlinear solutions were compared to clarify the influence of geometric nonlinearity. Then
the bending and torsional deformations of the wing were systematically analyzed under five hybrid ratios and five ply angle schemes. Finally
the impact of nonlinear elastic deformation on the aerodynamic characteristics of the wing with the optimal hybrid ratio was examined.
Results
2
The results indicate that the linear solution
which neglects spanwise deformation
leads to a tip displacement deviation of up to 0.77% at an 8° angle of attack. Compared with pure carbon fiber wings
the 3∶1 carbon/glass hybrid ratio increases the wingtip negative twist angle by only 2.1% while significantly reducing costs. The wing exhibits maximum torsional stiffness and minimum negative torsional deformation when the ply angle is ±45°. The lift and drag coefficients of the 3∶1 hybrid wing are slightly lower than those of the pure carbon fiber wing
with a mere 3.7% reduction in longitudinal stability. Employing a 3∶1 carbon/glass hybrid ratio with ±45° ply angles effectively balances mechanical performance
aerodynamic efficiency
and manufacturing cost
offering valuable insights for the engineering application of flexible wings.
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