西南石油大学 机电工程学院,成都 610500
王程,男,1997年生,四川眉山人,在读硕士研究生;主要研究方向为曲轴扭转振动与控制;E-mail:724701371@qq.com。
收稿:2024-02-24,
纸质出版:2025-11-15
移动端阅览
黄志强,王程,李涛,等. 基于十字头沉降的单缸压缩机曲轴振动特性研究[J]. 机械强度,2025,47(11):51-58.
HUANG Zhiqiang,WANG Cheng,LI Tao,et al. Study on the vibration characteristic of crankshaft of single cylinder compressor based on crosshead settlement[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2025,47(11):51-58.
黄志强,王程,李涛,等. 基于十字头沉降的单缸压缩机曲轴振动特性研究[J]. 机械强度,2025,47(11):51-58. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.11.007.
HUANG Zhiqiang,WANG Cheng,LI Tao,et al. Study on the vibration characteristic of crankshaft of single cylinder compressor based on crosshead settlement[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2025,47(11):51-58. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.11.007.
出现十字头沉降的压缩机往复部件加速度波动剧烈,综合活塞力随之增大,导致曲轴振动幅值增大,出现振动不稳定现象。为此,首先,开展十字头沉降对曲柄-连杆机构运动学规律研究,建立曲轴扭转振动微分方程。随后,通过均值滤波-龙格-库塔法算法求解了曲轴振动响应特征。最后,探讨了十字头沉降量、电动机转速、活塞组件往复质量对曲轴振动幅值、相轨迹以及幅频图的影响规律。结果表明,随着十字头沉降量的增加,曲轴相空间轨迹线“锯齿形”波动现象加剧,扭转角速度呈上升趋势,其中,
d
=0.25 mm时扭转角速度幅值相比于无沉降时增加23.6%,曲轴振动状态由倍频周期向混沌转变;随着电动机转速降低,曲轴扭转角和振动状态波动程度得到控制;随着活塞组件往复质量降低,频率响应峰值降低,有助于控制曲轴扭转角度。研究为预测十字头沉降工况下曲轴振动状态和曲轴的扭振控制提供理论指导,保证曲轴稳定运行。
The acceleration of the reciprocating parts of the compressor with the crosshead settlement fluctuates violently
and the comprehensive piston force becomes larger
which leads to the increase of the vibration amplitude of the crankshaft and the instability of the vibration. Therefore
this paper firstly studied the kinematic law of the crosshead settlement on the crank-connecting rod structure
and established the differen
tial equation of the torsional vibration of the crankshaft. Subsequently
the vibration response characteristics of the crankshaft were solved by the mean filtering-Runge-Kutta method. Finally
the influence of the crosshead settlement
motor speed and reciprocating mass of the piston assembly on the crankshaft vibration amplitude
phase trajectory and amplitude-frequency diagram was discussed. The results show that with the increase of the crosshead settlement
the “serrated” fluctuation of the crankshaft phase space trajectory line is intensified
and the torsional angular velocity shows an upward trend. When
d
=0.25 mm
the torsional angular velocity amplitude increases by 23.6% compared with that without the settlement
and the crankshaft vibration state changes from frequency doubling period to chaos. As the motor speed decreases
the torsional angle and vibration state fluctuation of the crankshaft are controlled. As the reciprocating mass of the piston assembly decreases
the peak frequency response decreases
which helps to control the crankshaft torsion angle. The research can provide a theoretical guidance for predicting the vibration state of the crankshaft and the torsional vibration control of the crankshaft under the condition of the crosshead settlement
and ensure the stable operation of the crankshaft.
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