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1.上海理工大学 机械工程学院,上海 200093
2.机械工业汽车机械零部件强度与可靠性评价重点实验室,上海 200093
3.上海市新能源汽车可靠性评价专业技术服务平台,上海 200093
赵礼辉,男,1985年生,山东青岛人,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师;主要研究方向为车辆强度可靠性设计与评价、车辆载荷特征建模与快速试验;E-mail:Pheigoe@126.com。
张东东,男,1986年生,山西晋城人,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师;主要研究方向为汽车结构振动与噪声控制、电驱动系统等;E-mail:dongdongzhang@usst.edu.cn。
收稿日期:2023-11-28,
修回日期:2023-12-22,
纸质出版日期:2025-07-15
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赵礼辉,潘羽,冯金芝,等. 不同振动谱下动力电池箱损伤对比研究[J]. 机械强度,2025,47(7):14-23.
ZHAO Lihui,PAN Yu,FENG Jinzhi,et al. Comparative study on damage of power battery box under different vibration spectrums[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2025,47(7):14-23.
赵礼辉,潘羽,冯金芝,等. 不同振动谱下动力电池箱损伤对比研究[J]. 机械强度,2025,47(7):14-23. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.07.002.
ZHAO Lihui,PAN Yu,FENG Jinzhi,et al. Comparative study on damage of power battery box under different vibration spectrums[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2025,47(7):14-23. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.07.002.
针对电动汽车电池箱的振动疲劳问题,以实车试验场测试载荷为基础,基于单轴和多轴(顺序加载、耦合加载)振动载荷,对比分析电池箱疲劳性能。首先,在试验场采集电池箱上敏感点处的三向加速度载荷,对不同测点载荷同一方向的功率谱密度分别进行拟合与对比分析,并通过频域损伤等效方法对功率谱密度进行加速处理,获得试验场规范下的随机振动三向加速度功率谱密度分布特征。其次,基于随机振动疲劳分析理论,构建了电池箱的多轴顺序激励、多轴耦合激励;基于疲劳损伤等效,构建了单轴强化谱激励。最后,数值仿真对比分析了三种激励下电池箱的疲劳损伤。结果表明,三种激励下电池箱的损伤位置一致,多轴耦合激励损伤大于多轴顺序激励,单轴强化谱对多轴耦合损伤的复现效果较好。这可为基于单轴强化载荷谱开展电池箱的振动疲劳快速试验提供指导。
Aiming at the vibration fatigue problem of the battery box of electric vehicles
based on the test loads in the real vehicle test field
the fatigue performance of the battery box was compared and analyzed based on single-axis and multi-axis (sequential loading
coupled loading) vibration loads. Firstly
the three-directional acceleration loads were collected at the sensitive points on the battery box in the test field. The power spectral densities were fitted and compared in the same direction of the loads at different measurement points respectively
and the power spectral densities were accelerated through the frequency-domain damage equivalence method to obtain the distribution characteristics of the random vibration three-directional acceleration power spectral densities under the test field specification. Secondly
based on the theory of random vibration fatigue analysis
the multi-axis sequential excitation and multi-axis coupled excitation of the battery box were constructed. Based on fatigue damage equivalence
a uniaxial strengthening spectrum excitation was constructed. Finally
the fatigue damage of the battery box under three kinds of excitation was compared and analyzed by the numerical simulation. The results show that the damage locations of the battery box are consistent under the three excitations. The damage under multi-axis coupled excitation is greater than that under multi-axis sequential excitation
and the single-axis enhancement spectrum has a better reproduction effect on the multi-axis coupled damage. This can provide guidance for conducting rapid vibration fatigue tests of battery boxes based on uniaxial enhanced load spectra.
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