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1.华东交通大学 机电与车辆工程学院,南昌 330013
2.安徽大学 电气工程与自动化学院,合肥 230601
涂文兵,男,1983年生,江西南昌人,博士,副教授;主要研究方向为机械动力学、振动噪声与结构有限元分析;E-mail:twb-2001@163.com。
曹正(通信作者),男,1988年生,安徽六安人,博士,讲师;主要研究方向为齿轮动力学;E-mail:caozheng@ahu.edu.cn。
收稿日期:2023-11-05,
修回日期:2023-12-03,
纸质出版日期:2025-06-15
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涂文兵,胡登亮,王浩,等. 启停过程齿轮系统振动特性分析[J]. 机械强度,2025,47(6):1-10.
TU Wenbing,HU Dengliang,WANG Hao,et al. Analysis of vibration characteristics of gear system during start-stop process[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2025,47(6):1-10.
涂文兵,胡登亮,王浩,等. 启停过程齿轮系统振动特性分析[J]. 机械强度,2025,47(6):1-10. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.06.001.
TU Wenbing,HU Dengliang,WANG Hao,et al. Analysis of vibration characteristics of gear system during start-stop process[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2025,47(6):1-10. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.06.001.
当齿轮系统启动或者停止处于非平稳工况时,转速的急剧改变会使其表现出复杂的振动特性,从而对齿轮使用性能和寿命产生重要影响。综合考虑时变啮合刚度、齿侧间隙及齿轮啮合误差的影响,建立直齿轮系统动力学模型,研究了外部载荷和角加速度两个工况参数对其启停过程振动特性的影响。同时,利用短时傅里叶变换对齿轮系统的非平稳振动信号进行了时频分析。结果表明,在启停过程中,增大载荷、增大角加速度均会加剧齿轮副振动与冲击的程度,并且均会使启动前期的不稳定运动进程提前结束,停止后期的不稳定运动进程延后出现,但启动后期(停止前期)的冲击成分却会分别增多和减少;在频域中,增大外部载荷会增强齿轮系统啮合频率的倍频成分能量但对啮合频率的基频能量没有什么影响,而增大角加速度会使啮合频率的基频和倍频成分能量都增强。
When the gear system starts or stops in non-stationary working conditions
a sharp change of the speed can cause it to exhibit complex vibration characteristics which has a significant impact on the performance and lifespan of the gear. Considering the influence of time-varying meshing stiffness
backlash and gear meshing error
a dynamics model of spur gear system was established. The influence of external load and angular acceleration on the vibration characteristics of the start-stop process was studied. At the same time
the time-frequency analysis of the non-stationary vibration signal of the gear system was carried out by using the short-time Fourier transform. The results show that increasing the load and angular acceleration during the start and stop processes will exacerbate the degree of vibration and impact of the gear pair
and both will make the unstable motion process in the early start period end earlier
and the unstable motion process in the late stop period appear later
but the impact components in the late start period (the early stop period) will increase (decrease). In the frequency domain
increasing the external load will enhance the energy of the harmonic component of the gear system’s meshing frequency
but it has no effect on the fundamental energy of the meshing frequency. However
increasing the angular acceleration will enhance the energy of both the fundamental and harmonic components of the meshing frequency.
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