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1.中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院,成都 610500
2.电子科技大学 机械与电气工程学院,成都 611731
WANG Xuemin, E-mail:xuemin0192@163.com
收稿日期:2023-05-06,
修回日期:2023-09-08,
纸质出版日期:2025-02-15
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王学民,卢绪平,沈莲,等. 航空发动机低压涡轮轴通油孔裂纹失效分析[J]. 机械强度,2025,47(2):37-43.
WANG Xuemin,LU Xuping,SHEN Lian,et al. Crack failure analysis of low pressure turbine shaft oil passage hole of aero-engine[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2025,47(2):37-43.
王学民,卢绪平,沈莲,等. 航空发动机低压涡轮轴通油孔裂纹失效分析[J]. 机械强度,2025,47(2):37-43. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.02.005.
WANG Xuemin,LU Xuping,SHEN Lian,et al. Crack failure analysis of low pressure turbine shaft oil passage hole of aero-engine[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2025,47(2):37-43. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.02.005.
为探究某型航空发动机低压涡轮轴高低周复合疲劳试验过程中通油孔裂纹故障的性质和原因,对低压涡轮轴裂纹位置进行了外观检查、断口分析、表面检查、金相组织检查、有限元分析和裂纹扩展仿真。结果表明,低压涡轮轴通油孔裂纹故障为疲劳裂纹,其原因为通油孔采用电火花加工后,未完全去除重熔层,导致其内侧表面存在部分未去除的重熔层且有可见微裂纹,在较大的高低周复合载荷作用下萌生疲劳裂纹并发生了裂纹扩展,从而导致通油孔裂纹故障,通过裂纹扩展仿真分析预估初始裂纹长度介于0.2~0.3 mm。为了保证通油孔加工质量,考虑该位置加工可达性较差,建议可设计特殊工装、采用机械加工技术进行加工,在保证加工精度的基础上从根本上杜绝重熔层的影响。
In order to investigate the nature and causes of the cracked passage hole of the low-pressure turbine shaft of aero-engine during the high and low circumference compound fatigue test
the low-pressure turbine shaft crack location was examined in appearance
fracture analysis
surface inspection
metallographic organization
finite element analysis and crack expansion simulation.The results show that the low-pressure turbine shaft passage hole crack failure is a fatigue crack
which is caused by the incomplete removal of the remelting layer after the passage hole is cut by electrical discharge machining
resulting in the existence of part of the unremoved remelting layer and visible microcracks on the internal surface
and the fatigue crack sprouted and crack expansion occurred under the action of large high and low circumferential composite load
thus leading to the passage hole crack failure. The initial crack length is estimated to be between 0.2-0.3 mm by the crack expansion simulation analysis. In order to ensure the processing quality of the through oil hole
considering the poor processing accessibility of this location
it is suggested that special tooling can be designed and the machining technology can be used for processing, on the basis of ensuring the processing
fundamental eliminate the influence of the remelting layer.
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