The methods of consistency evaluation are introduced for the finite element simulation and test of the aircraft structure. First,the strain interpolation method is studied based on the element shape functions,and the transformation method is given for the consistency between simulation and test strain gauges; Second,linearization correction for the test strain gauges was obtained by using the least squares principle. The consistency evaluation methods are investigated based on graph partition and probability respectively. Finally consistency evaluation is carried out for the computation and test of the civil aircraft structure. It is shown that the evaluation results can provide support for the modification of the model.