In order to improve cold roll-beating forming spline surface roughness and surface quality,cold roll-beating experiment is carried out. According to cold roll-beating spline forming principle,the main influencing factors（ rolling wheel speed,workpiece feed rate,beating ways,beating depth） of the surface roughness of cold roll forming spline are analyzed. The relationship between the rotational speed of the rolling wheel,workpiece feed rate and the surface roughness is quantitatively analyzed. Research shows: The surface roughness with the increase in the rotation speed of the wheel shows a downward trend.And the surface roughness increases with the increase of workpiece feed rate. When the rotational speed of the rolling wheel is in the range of 1581 r/min ～ 2032 r/min and the workpiece feed rate is in the range of 21 mm/min ～ 35 mm/min,the suitable cold roll-beating spline surface roughness and considerable surface quality is obtained.