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1.常州机电职业技术学院 机械工程学院,常州 213164
2.大连理工大学 机械工程学院,大连 116023
3.江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院,南京 210000
CAI Fuhai, E-mail: cfhdlut@163.com
Received:02 August 2024,
Revised:2024-08-20,
Published:15 May 2026
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蔡福海,王欣,盛林,等. 基于热点应力分布的起重机桁架臂K形节点疲劳试验方法研究[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(5):75-82.
CAI Fuhai,WANG Xin,SHENG Lin,et al. Study on fatigue test method for K-joints of crane lattice booms based on hot spot stress distribution[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(5):75-82.
蔡福海,王欣,盛林,等. 基于热点应力分布的起重机桁架臂K形节点疲劳试验方法研究[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(5):75-82. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.05.009.
CAI Fuhai,WANG Xin,SHENG Lin,et al. Study on fatigue test method for K-joints of crane lattice booms based on hot spot stress distribution[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(5):75-82. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.05.009.
目的
2
起重机桁架臂焊缝数量多、受力状况复杂,其疲劳试验存在样本少、试验时间长、成本高等难点,因此,拟在单独K形节点中获得同整体臂架等效的应力分布,以简化分析。
方法
2
首先,确定了5种可行的K形节点工装方案;其次,针对危险区域的等效热点应力分布情况开展了量化对比;最后,针对应力分布比较符合实际情况的2种约束方式进行疲劳试验,并对试验结果进行分析。
结果
2
结果表明,采用单独弦杆轴力加载和辅助杆加载这2种约束方式下的热点应力分布情况比较符合整体臂架节点的实际应力分布,比载荷同时作用于弦杆和腹杆上或载荷单独作用于腹杆上这2种加载方式更为合理;采用辅助杆约束加载方式的疲劳寿命的中值误差不大于10%;当对疲劳试验的精度要求不高时,单弦杆加载是一种比较简便的疲劳试验方法,其中值误差不超过20%。通过单独弦杆轴力加载和辅助杆加载这2种方式即可对整体臂架的危险节点进行分析,为起重机臂架疲劳试验方法的选择提供了参考。
Objective
2
Crane lattice booms feature numerous welds and complex stress conditions
and their fatigue tests are plagued by difficulties such as limited samples
long test time
and high costs. Therefore
this paper aims to obtain a stress distribution in an individual K-joint that is equivalent to that of the integral boom
so as to simplify the analysis.
Methods
2
Firstly
five feasible fixture schemes for the K-joint were determined. Secondly
a quantitative comparison was carried out on the equivalent hot spot stress distribution in the critical region. Finally
fatigue tests were performed on two constraint modes with stress distributions relatively close to the actual situation
and the test results were analyzed.
Results
2
The results show that the hot spot stress distributions under the two constraint modes-axial loading on a single chord member and loading with auxiliary members
are relatively consistent with the actual stress distribution of joints in the integral boom
and are more reasonable than loading schemes where loads act simultaneously on the chord and brace members or solely on the brace members. The median error of fatigue life under the auxiliary member constraint loading scheme is no more than 10%. When low precision is acceptable for fatigue tests
single-chord loading is a relatively simple fatigue test method
with a median error not exceeding 20%. The two loading schemes (single-chord axial loading and auxiliary member loading) can be used to analyze critical joints of the integral booms
providing a reference for the selection of fatigue test methods for crane booms.
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