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1.上海理工大学 机械工程学院,上海 200093
2.机械工业汽车机械零部件强度与可靠性评价重点实验室,上海 200093
3.上海市新能源汽车可靠性评价公共技术服务平台,上海 200093
4.中汽研汽车试验场股份有限公司,盐城 224100
ZHANG Dongdong, E-mail: dongdongzhang@usst.edu.cn
Received:12 March 2024,
Revised:2024-05-13,
Published:15 January 2026
移动端阅览
冯金芝,丁一,赵礼辉,等. 基于车辆行驶轨迹的转向系统载荷快速预测方法研究[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(1):124-132.
FENG Jinzhi,DING Yi,ZHAO Lihui,et al. Research on fast load prediction method for steering system based on vehicle trajectory[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(1):124-132.
冯金芝,丁一,赵礼辉,等. 基于车辆行驶轨迹的转向系统载荷快速预测方法研究[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(1):124-132. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.01.016.
FENG Jinzhi,DING Yi,ZHAO Lihui,et al. Research on fast load prediction method for steering system based on vehicle trajectory[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(1):124-132. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.01.016.
目的
2
为解决传统转向系统在用户实际工况下载荷获取困难、难以直接支撑可靠性设计与试验评估的问题,提出一种基于车辆行驶轨迹的转向系统全局载荷快速预测方法。
方法
2
首先,建立二自由度横向动力学模型与转向系统力学模型;结合车辆全球定位系统(Global Positioning System
GPS)轨迹数据,采用Haversine公式计算转弯曲率,逆推得到横摆角速度与质心侧偏角;然后,基于上述参数求解侧向力与回正力矩,并集成转向系统力学关系,实现对方向盘转角、横拉杆位移及转向拉杆力的快速预测;最后,通过极限工况验证模型精度,并分析转弯曲率与车速对载荷特性的影响规律。
结果
2
研究表明,所提方法能够有效预测转向系统关键载荷,方向盘转角预测误差小于3.5%;载荷随转弯曲率与车速增大而显著增大,其中转弯曲率对转向拉杆力的影响尤为突出,且在高曲率区间呈非线性增长趋势。所提方法可为用户实际工况下转向系统可靠性评估与台架试验载荷设计提供有效支撑。
Objective
2
To address the difficulties in obtaining load data for traditional steering systems under real-world customer usage conditions
which hinders effective support for reliability design and test evaluation
a rapid prediction method for global loads of steering systems based on vehicle trajectory was proposed.
Methods
2
Firstly
a two-degree-of-freedom lateral dynamics model and a steering system mechanical model were established. Secondly
utilizing vehicle GPS trajectory data
the turning curvature was calculated employing the Haversine formula. Then
the yaw rate and sideslip angle were derived inversely
followed by the calculation of the lateral force and aligning torque. Finally
by integrating the mechanical relationships of the steering system
rapid predictions of the steering wheel angle
tie-rod displacement, and steering tie-rod force were achieved. The model accuracy was verified under extreme conditions
and the influence laws of turning curvature and vehicle speed on load characteristics were analyzed.
Results
2
The research demonstrates that the proposed method can effectively predict the key loads of the steering system
with the prediction error for the steering wheel angle being less than 3.5%. The loads increase significantly with the increase in turning curvature and vehicle speed. The influence of turning curvature on the steering tie-rod force is particularly prominent
showing a nonlinear growth trend in the high curvature range. This method can provide effective support for the reliability evaluation of steering systems under customer usage conditions and the load design for bench tests.
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