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1.中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,青岛 266111
2.北京航天发射技术研究所,北京 100076
3.郑机所(郑州)传动科技有限公司,郑州 450001]
WEI Chaozhang, E-mail: czwei2018@163.com
Received:06 August 2025,
Published:15 January 2026
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冯永华,刘卓,梁海啸,等. 中/高温回火对60Si2CrV弹簧钢强度与疲劳性能的影响[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(1):100-108.
FENG Yonghua,LIU Zhuo,LIANG Haixiao,et al. Effect of medium/high temperature tempering on the strength and fatigue properties of 60Si2CrV spring steel[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(1):100-108.
冯永华,刘卓,梁海啸,等. 中/高温回火对60Si2CrV弹簧钢强度与疲劳性能的影响[J]. 机械强度,2026,48(1):100-108. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.01.013.
FENG Yonghua,LIU Zhuo,LIANG Haixiao,et al. Effect of medium/high temperature tempering on the strength and fatigue properties of 60Si2CrV spring steel[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2026,48(1):100-108. DOI: 10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2026.01.013.
目的
2
针对现有研究中缺乏高温回火对60Si2CrV弹簧钢强度和疲劳性能试验数据及微观机制分析的问题,系统对比中温(420 ℃)和高温(580 ℃)回火处理对该钢种性能的影响。
方法
2
采用单轴拉伸试验、冲击试验、三点弯曲阶梯增载疲劳试验及端淬试验等多维度测试手段,综合评估了试验钢的力学性能。结合扫描电子显微镜观察显微组织演变及断口形貌,揭示其关联机制。
结果
2
结果表明,中温回火处理后材料强度较高,但塑性及冲击韧性偏低;高温回火处理后,虽然强度有所下降,但塑性变形能力显著增强,冲击韧性提升近2倍。高温回火试样的疲劳极限强度达951.6 MPa,较中温回火试样的853.4 MPa提升了11.6%。中温回火组织为回火屈氏体,断口呈脆-韧混合模式;高温回火组织为回火索氏体,碳化物粗化且局部聚集,断口呈典型韧性断裂特征。高温回火处理实现了强度、塑性与韧性的更优平衡。
Objective
2
Aims to investigate the lack of test data and microscopic mechanism analysis of 60Si2CrV spring steel under high-temperature tempering. A systematic comparison was conducted between medium-temperature (420 ℃) and high-temperature (580 ℃) tempering.
Methods
2
Multidimensional test methods
including uniaxial tensile
impact
three-point bending fatigue
and hardenability tests
were employed to evaluate mechanical properties. Microstructures and fractures were observed via SEM to clarify the strengthening and toughening mechanisms.
Results
2
The results indicate that medium-temperature tempering yields high strength but low ductility and toughness. High-temperature tempering significantly enhances plastic deformation and impact toughness. Notably
the fatigue ultimate strength of high-temperature tempered samples reaches 951.6 MPa
11.6% higher than that of medium-temperature samples (853.4 MPa). Microstructural analysis shows typical tempered troostite after medium-temperature tempering and tempered sorbite after high-temperature tempering. The latter achieves a superior balance of strength
plasticity
and toughness.
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